An estimated of 10-15% of the couple are classified as infertile. In about half of the cases male infertility is a factor. Most common causes of male infertility are impaired sperm production, impaired sperm delivery and testosterone deficiency.

Infertility is the result of some problems that are present during the time of birth or due to the problems that develop in lateral life. Some of the most common causes of male infertility include:

• Injuries caused to testis, for example, testicular trauma
• Infections such as orchitis, prostatitis, epididymitis
• Diseases such as STDs, sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis
• Chemotherapy
• Incorrectly moved or abnormally shaped sperm
• Seminal fluid abnormalities
• Ductal system problems
• Cryptorchidism
• Medications that are used to treat arthritis and high blood pressure
• Hormonal abnormalities due to a disorder in the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis
• Metallic disorders such as hemocromatosis
• Testicular cancer
• Systemic diseases such as infection, high fever, kidney disease
• Varicocele
• Cigarette smoking
• Consuming alcohol
• Defects in your reproductive system such as anorchism, cryptorchidism

Bladder Surgery

Apart from the causes of male infertility mentioned above, Bladder surgery that is used to treat congenital defect in the bladder or urethra or a disorder that affects your nervous system can lead to retrograde ejaculation. This condition occurs from the injury of the nerves and muscles of the bladder neck that prevent it from closing at the time of ejaculation. Dry or diminished ejaculation and cloudy urine after ejaculation are the signs of this condition.

Causes of Male Infertility – Testosterone Deficiency

Testosterone deficiency also called as hypogonadism, which exists from birth or may build up later. Causes of this condition are classified according to their location along the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.

• First is disturbance in your testicles
• Second is disturbance in your pituitary glands
• Last is disturbance in the hypothalamus

Klinefelter syndrome is the most common congenital disorder. An extra X chromosome causes this condition leading to infertility, unwanted facial and body hair and smaller than normal testes.

Testosterone deficiency is also caused due to congenital hormone diseases such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency and leutenizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) deficiency.

Acquired causes of hypogonadism include:

• Glandular malformation
• Radiation
• Chemotherapy
• Infections such as mumps, meningitis, syphilis
• Damage to the pituitary gland, testes, or hypothalamus
• Isolated LH deficiency
• Head trauma that affect your hypothalamus
• Tumor of your pituitary gland, testicles or hypothalamus
• Testicular trauma